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Nobel Prize In Physics 2025: Clarke, Devoret, And Martinis Honoured For Quantum Breakthroughs
John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret, and John M. Martinis receive the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics for their pioneering work on macroscopic quantum tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit. (X)
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on Tuesday (7 October) awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics to John Clarke (University of California, Berkeley), Michel H. Devoret (Yale University and UC Santa Barbara), and John M. Martinis (UC Santa Barbara) for their “discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit,” reported The Times Of India.
The Academy said the laureates’ experiments “revealed quantum physics in action” by using a chip-based electrical circuit to demonstrate that quantum phenomena can occur on a scale large enough to be held in the hand. “A major question in physics is the maximum size of a system that can demonstrate quantum mechanical effects,” it added.
Their findings proved such effects extend beyond atomic and subatomic levels.
In experiments conducted during 1984–85, the trio built a superconducting circuit separated by a thin non-conductive layer, known as a Josephson junction. Their measurements showed that when current flowed through it, the entire system behaved as though all charged particles acted as a single entity—confirming macroscopic quantum tunnelling and energy quantisation.
Since 1901, 226 individuals have received the Physics Nobel, with 38 prizes shared among three laureates. In 2024, John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton were recognised for pioneering machine learning.
