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UPSC Civil Services Exam aspirants (pic via Twitter)
In Part I and Part II of this series, we had given a summary of chapter 1 of Economic Survey 2019 for aspirants of various civil services aspirants. We will continue with chapter 2 today.
It is important to remember the following points highlighted by Economic Survey for achieving a 8 per cent rate of growth led by investments:
In the chapter 2, the Survey discusses the third point above, that is, Policy for Homo Sapiens, Not Homo Economicus: Leveraging the Behavioural Economics of “Nudge”. The chapter says that insights from behavioural economics should be used to “nudge” people towards desirable behaviour. The survey says that many incentive and mandate based policies may be clubbed with a nudge effect to increase their efficacy.
Nudge policies are defined as those policies that gently steer people towards desirable behaviour even while preserving their liberty to choose. The chapter talks about taking following beneficial steps:
The survey points out successful usages of “nudges” in BBBP and SBM. In SBM, following “nudges” led to an unprecedented success:
In BBBP, #SelfieWithDaughter was praised by the survey. Started by one proud father in a village in Haryana, the #SelfieWithDaughter went viral and became a worldwide hit. It brought focus to people who celebrated the girl child. The chapter also hailed clear messaging of several other government programmes where the names themselves made the message clear. For example, Poshan Abhiyan, Namami Gange, Ayushman Bharat etc.
Next, the survey gives recommendations for applying the principles of behavioural economics. These principles are summarised in the following table:
The chapter applies the aforementioned principles in different contexts:
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Mahatma Gandhi’s “seven social sins” published in Young India in 1925 should be popularised. These are as follows:
This finishes the chapter 2 of the Economic Survey. We shall continue with chapter 3 in the next part.
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